{"id":2401,"date":"2026-02-10T00:31:29","date_gmt":"2026-02-09T16:31:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sgps.visibleone.dev\/mssc-in-public-policy-mpup\/programme-objectives\/"},"modified":"2026-02-10T00:31:29","modified_gmt":"2026-02-09T16:31:29","slug":"programme-objectives","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sgps.visibleone.dev\/sc\/mssc-in-public-policy-mpup\/programme-objectives\/","title":{"rendered":"Programme Objectives"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<section block-name=\"banner\" class=\"relative\">\n    <div class=\"bg-banner-gradient w-full h-full absolute left-0 top-0 z-[1]\"><\/div>\n\n    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sgps.visibleone.dev\/wp-content\/themes\/cuhk-sgps\/public\/images\/our-mission\/mission-banner.png\" alt=\"MSSc in Public Policy (MPUP)\"\n        class=\"w-full aspect-[1920\/480] object-cover min-h-[400px]\" \/>\n\n    <div class=\"container py-5 md:py-10 lg:py-[60px] w-full h-full flex items-end absolute left-0 bottom-0 z-[2]\">\n    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width=\"20\" height=\"20\"\n                            viewBox=\"0 0 20 20\" fill=\"none\">\n                            <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\"\n                                d=\"M5.83594 15L10.8359 9.99996L5.83594 4.99996L7.5026 3.33329L14.1693 9.99996L7.5026 16.6666L5.83594 15Z\"\n                                fill=\"white\" \/>\n                        <\/svg>\n\n                        <a href=\"https:\/\/sgps.visibleone.dev\/mssc-in-public-policy-mpup\/\"\n                            class=\"text-body-1 text-white opacity-60 [&#038;.active]:opacity-100 hover:opacity-100\"\n                            target=\"_self\">\n                            MSSc in Public Policy (MPUP)                        <\/a>\n                                        \n                <svg class=\"opacity-60 [&#038;.active]:opacity-100 active\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20\"\n                    height=\"20\" viewBox=\"0 0 20 20\" fill=\"none\">\n                    <path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\"\n                        d=\"M5.83594 15L10.8359 9.99996L5.83594 4.99996L7.5026 3.33329L14.1693 9.99996L7.5026 16.6666L5.83594 15Z\"\n                        fill=\"white\" \/>\n                <\/svg>\n\n                <p class=\"text-body-1 text-white opacity-100 active\">\n                    Programme Objectives                <\/p>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n<style>\n    .sidebar-wrapper ul,\n    .sidebar-wrapper li {\n        list-style: none !important;\n        margin: 0 !important;\n        padding: 0 !important;\n    }\n\n    .sidebar-wrapper li::before,\n    .sidebar-wrapper li::after {\n        display: none !important;\n        content: none !important;\n    }\n\n    .sidebar-link.active {\n        background-color: #D1F0E9;\n        color: var(--wp--preset--color--primary, #005A54);\n    }\n\n    .sidebar-toggle.active-parent,\n    .sidebar-sub-toggle.active-parent {\n        background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--primary, #005A54);\n        color: white;\n    }\n\n    .sidebar-toggle img,\n    .sidebar-sub-toggle img {\n        transition: transform 0.3s ease, filter 0.3s ease, opacity 0.3s ease;\n    }\n\n    .sidebar-toggle.active-parent>img,\n    .sidebar-sub-toggle.active-parent>img {\n        filter: brightness(0) invert(1);\n        transform: rotate(180deg);\n        opacity: 1;\n    }\n<\/style>\n\n<section  class=\"programme-container container py-[60px] md:py-[100px]\">\n    <div class=\"container-lg\">\n        <div class=\"flex flex-col md:flex-row gap-10 xl:gap-20\">\n\n            <div class=\"md:flex-[0_1_25%] md:max-w-[25%]\">\n                <div\n                    class=\"bg-[#F9F9F7] sidebar-wrapper sticky top-24 transition-all duration-300 rounded-sm overflow-hidden shadow-sm\">\n\n                    <div class=\"p-5 bg-grey border-b border-primary\">\n                        <h6 class=\"heading6 text-secondary font-bold leading-tight\">\n                            MSSc in Public Policy (MPUP)                        <\/h6>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                                            <ul class=\"flex flex-col w-full\">\n                            \n                                                                    <li class=\"border-b border-gray-200 last:border-0 w-full block\">\n                                        <a href=\"https:\/\/sgps.visibleone.dev\/mssc-in-public-policy-mpup\/mission-and-vision\/\" class=\"sidebar-link w-full px-5 py-4 flex items-center justify-between transition-colors sidebar-main-link text-dark\">\n                                            <span class=\"heading6 font-bold text-left\">Home<\/span>\n                                        <\/a>\n                                    <\/li>\n                                                                \n                                                                    <li class=\"hasAccordion group border-b border-gray-200 last:border-0 w-full block\">\n                                        <button type=\"button\" data-href=\"https:\/\/sgps.visibleone.dev\/mssc-in-public-policy-mpup\/mission-and-vision\/\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"sidebar-menu-1\" class=\"sidebar-toggle w-full px-5 py-4 flex items-center justify-between transition-all duration-200 cursor-pointer text-dark hover:bg-light-green hover:text-primary\">\n                                            <span class=\"heading6 font-bold text-left pointer-events-none\">About Us<\/span>\n                                            <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sgps.visibleone.dev\/wp-content\/themes\/cuhk-sgps\/public\/icons\/arrow-down.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"w-4 h-4 object-contain opacity-60 pointer-events-none\">\n                                        <\/button>\n\n                                        <ul id=\"sidebar-menu-1\" class=\"sidebar-sub-menu bg-light-grey hidden w-full pb-2\">\n 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<a href=\"https:\/\/sgps.visibleone.dev\/mssc-in-public-policy-mpup\/programme-brochure\/\" class=\"sidebar-link block w-full pl-8 pr-5 py-3 heading6 font-medium flex items-center gap-3 transition-all text-dark sidebar-main-link\">\n                                                            <span class=\"dot-indicator w-1.5 h-1.5 rounded-full flex-shrink-0 bg-dark transition-colors\"><\/span>\n                                                            Programme Brochure                                                        <\/a>\n                                                    <\/li>\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                                                                    <li class=\"w-full block\">\n                                                        <a href=\"https:\/\/sgps.visibleone.dev\/mssc-in-public-policy-mpup\/e-newsletter\/\" class=\"sidebar-link block w-full pl-8 pr-5 py-3 heading6 font-medium flex items-center gap-3 transition-all text-dark sidebar-main-link\">\n                                                            <span class=\"dot-indicator w-1.5 h-1.5 rounded-full flex-shrink-0 bg-dark transition-colors\"><\/span>\n                                                            E-Newsletter                                                        <\/a>\n                                                    <\/li>\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                                                                    <li class=\"w-full block\">\n                                                        <a href=\"https:\/\/sgps.visibleone.dev\/mssc-in-public-policy-mpup\/photo-gallery\/\" class=\"sidebar-link block w-full pl-8 pr-5 py-3 heading6 font-medium flex items-center gap-3 transition-all text-dark sidebar-main-link\">\n              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w-full px-5 py-4 flex items-center justify-between transition-all duration-200 cursor-pointer text-dark hover:bg-light-green hover:text-primary\">\n                                            <span class=\"heading6 font-bold text-left pointer-events-none\">Programme<\/span>\n                                            <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sgps.visibleone.dev\/wp-content\/themes\/cuhk-sgps\/public\/icons\/arrow-down.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"w-4 h-4 object-contain opacity-60 pointer-events-none\">\n                                        <\/button>\n\n                                        <ul id=\"sidebar-menu-2\" class=\"sidebar-sub-menu bg-light-grey hidden w-full pb-2\">\n                                            \n                                                                                                    <li class=\"w-full block\">\n                                                        <button type=\"button\" data-href=\"https:\/\/sgps.visibleone.dev\/mssc-in-public-policy-mpup\/programme-structure\/\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"sidebar-submenu-2-0\" class=\"sidebar-sub-toggle w-full pl-8 pr-5 py-3 heading6 font-medium flex items-center justify-between transition-all cursor-pointer text-dark sidebar-main-link\">\n                                                            <div class=\"flex items-center gap-3 pointer-events-none\">\n                                                                <span class=\"dot-indicator w-1.5 h-1.5 rounded-full flex-shrink-0 bg-dark transition-colors\"><\/span>\n                                                                Programme Structure                                                            <\/div>\n                                                            <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sgps.visibleone.dev\/wp-content\/themes\/cuhk-sgps\/public\/icons\/arrow-down.svg\"\n                                                                alt=\"\" class=\"w-3 h-3 object-contain opacity-60 pointer-events-none\">\n                                                        <\/button>\n\n                                                        <ul id=\"sidebar-submenu-2-0\" class=\"sidebar-grand-menu bg-[#E0E0E0] hidden w-full pb-2\">\n                                                                                                                            <li class=\"w-full block\">\n                                                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/sgps.visibleone.dev\/mssc-in-public-policy-mpup\/courses\/\" class=\"sidebar-link block w-full pl-12 pr-5 py-2.5 heading6  font-normal flex items-center gap-3 transition-all text-dark sidebar-main-link\">\n                                                                        <span\n                                                                            class=\"w-1.5 h-1.5 rounded-full flex-shrink-0 bg-transparent border border-dark transition-colors\"><\/span>\n                                                                        Courses                                                                    <\/a>\n                                                                <\/li>\n                                                                                                                                <li class=\"w-full block\">\n                                                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/sgps.visibleone.dev\/mssc-in-public-policy-mpup\/period-of-study\/\" class=\"sidebar-link block w-full pl-12 pr-5 py-2.5 heading6  font-normal flex items-center gap-3 transition-all text-dark sidebar-main-link\">\n                                                                        <span\n                                                                            class=\"w-1.5 h-1.5 rounded-full flex-shrink-0 bg-transparent border border-dark transition-colors\"><\/span>\n                                                                        Period of Study                                                                    <\/a>\n                                                                <\/li>\n                                                                                                                                <li class=\"w-full block\">\n                                                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/sgps.visibleone.dev\/mssc-in-public-policy-mpup\/potential-applicants-2\/\" class=\"sidebar-link block w-full pl-12 pr-5 py-2.5 heading6  font-normal flex items-center gap-3 transition-all text-dark sidebar-main-link\">\n                                                                        <span\n                                                                            class=\"w-1.5 h-1.5 rounded-full flex-shrink-0 bg-transparent border border-dark transition-colors\"><\/span>\n                                                                        Graduation Requirement                                                                    <\/a>\n                                                                <\/li>\n                                                                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                    <\/li>\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                                                                    <li class=\"w-full block\">\n                                                        <button type=\"button\" data-href=\"https:\/\/sgps.visibleone.dev\/mssc-in-public-policy-mpup\/programme-management\/\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"sidebar-submenu-2-1\" class=\"sidebar-sub-toggle w-full pl-8 pr-5 py-3 heading6 font-medium flex items-center justify-between transition-all cursor-pointer text-dark sidebar-main-link\">\n                                                            <div class=\"flex items-center gap-3 pointer-events-none\">\n                                                                <span class=\"dot-indicator w-1.5 h-1.5 rounded-full flex-shrink-0 bg-dark transition-colors\"><\/span>\n                                                                People                                                            <\/div>\n                                                            <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sgps.visibleone.dev\/wp-content\/themes\/cuhk-sgps\/public\/icons\/arrow-down.svg\"\n                                                                alt=\"\" class=\"w-3 h-3 object-contain opacity-60 pointer-events-none\">\n                                                        <\/button>\n\n                                                        <ul id=\"sidebar-submenu-2-1\" class=\"sidebar-grand-menu bg-[#E0E0E0] hidden w-full pb-2\">\n      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            <li class=\"w-full block\">\n                                                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/sgps.visibleone.dev\/mssc-in-public-policy-mpup\/student-and-graduate-profile\/\" class=\"sidebar-link block w-full pl-12 pr-5 py-2.5 heading6  font-normal flex items-center gap-3 transition-all text-dark sidebar-main-link\">\n                                                                        <span\n                                                                            class=\"w-1.5 h-1.5 rounded-full flex-shrink-0 bg-transparent border border-dark transition-colors\"><\/span>\n                                                                        Student and Graduate Profile                                                                    <\/a>\n                                                                <\/li>\n                                                                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                    <\/li>\n\n                                                \n                                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                    <\/li>\n                                                                \n                                                                    <li class=\"hasAccordion group border-b border-gray-200 last:border-0 w-full block\">\n                                        <button type=\"button\" data-href=\"https:\/\/sgps.visibleone.dev\/mssc-in-public-policy-mpup\/comprehensive-learning\/\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"sidebar-menu-3\" class=\"sidebar-toggle w-full px-5 py-4 flex items-center justify-between transition-all duration-200 cursor-pointer text-dark hover:bg-light-green hover:text-primary\">\n                                            <span class=\"heading6 font-bold text-left pointer-events-none\"> Why MPUP<\/span>\n                                            <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sgps.visibleone.dev\/wp-content\/themes\/cuhk-sgps\/public\/icons\/arrow-down.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"w-4 h-4 object-contain opacity-60 pointer-events-none\">\n                                        <\/button>\n\n                                        <ul id=\"sidebar-menu-3\" class=\"sidebar-sub-menu bg-light-grey hidden w-full pb-2\">\n                                            \n                                                                                                    <li class=\"w-full block\">\n                                                        <a href=\"https:\/\/sgps.visibleone.dev\/mssc-in-public-policy-mpup\/comprehensive-learning\/\" class=\"sidebar-link block w-full pl-8 pr-5 py-3 heading6 font-medium flex items-center gap-3 transition-all text-dark sidebar-main-link\">\n                                                            <span class=\"dot-indicator w-1.5 h-1.5 rounded-full flex-shrink-0 bg-dark transition-colors\"><\/span>\n                                                            Comprehensive Learning                                                        <\/a>\n                                                    <\/li>\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                                                                    <li class=\"w-full block\">\n                                                        <a href=\"https:\/\/sgps.visibleone.dev\/mssc-in-public-policy-mpup\/practical-application\/\" class=\"sidebar-link block w-full pl-8 pr-5 py-3 heading6 font-medium flex items-center gap-3 transition-all text-dark sidebar-main-link\">\n                                                            <span class=\"dot-indicator w-1.5 h-1.5 rounded-full flex-shrink-0 bg-dark transition-colors\"><\/span>\n                                                            Practical Application                                                        <\/a>\n                                                    <\/li>\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                                                                    <li class=\"w-full block\">\n                                                        <a href=\"https:\/\/sgps.visibleone.dev\/mssc-in-public-policy-mpup\/student-alumni-endorsement\/\" class=\"sidebar-link block w-full pl-8 pr-5 py-3 heading6 font-medium flex items-center gap-3 transition-all text-dark sidebar-main-link\">\n                                                            <span class=\"dot-indicator w-1.5 h-1.5 rounded-full flex-shrink-0 bg-dark transition-colors\"><\/span>\n                                                            Student\/ Alumni Endorsement                                                        <\/a>\n                                                    <\/li>\n                                                \n                                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                    <\/li>\n                                                                \n                                                                    <li class=\"hasAccordion group border-b border-gray-200 last:border-0 w-full block\">\n                                        <button type=\"button\" data-href=\"#\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"sidebar-menu-4\" class=\"sidebar-toggle w-full px-5 py-4 flex items-center justify-between transition-all duration-200 cursor-pointer text-dark hover:bg-light-green hover:text-primary\">\n                                            <span class=\"heading6 font-bold text-left pointer-events-none\">Admission<\/span>\n                                            <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sgps.visibleone.dev\/wp-content\/themes\/cuhk-sgps\/public\/icons\/arrow-down.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"w-4 h-4 object-contain opacity-60 pointer-events-none\">\n                                        <\/button>\n\n                                        <ul id=\"sidebar-menu-4\" class=\"sidebar-sub-menu bg-light-grey hidden w-full pb-2\">\n                                            \n                                                                                                    <li class=\"w-full block\">\n                                                        <a href=\"https:\/\/sgps.visibleone.dev\/mssc-in-public-policy-mpup\/potential-applicants\/\" class=\"sidebar-link block w-full pl-8 pr-5 py-3 heading6 font-medium flex items-center gap-3 transition-all text-dark sidebar-main-link\">\n                                                            <span class=\"dot-indicator w-1.5 h-1.5 rounded-full flex-shrink-0 bg-dark transition-colors\"><\/span>\n                                                            Potential Applicants                                                        <\/a>\n                                                    <\/li>\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                                                                    <li class=\"w-full block\">\n                                                        <a href=\"https:\/\/sgps.visibleone.dev\/mssc-in-public-policy-mpup\/admission-requirement\/\" class=\"sidebar-link block w-full pl-8 pr-5 py-3 heading6 font-medium flex items-center gap-3 transition-all text-dark sidebar-main-link\">\n                                                            <span class=\"dot-indicator w-1.5 h-1.5 rounded-full flex-shrink-0 bg-dark transition-colors\"><\/span>\n                                                            Admission Requirement                                                        <\/a>\n                                                    <\/li>\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                                                                    <li class=\"w-full block\">\n                                                        <a href=\"https:\/\/sgps.visibleone.dev\/mssc-in-public-policy-mpup\/procedures\/\" class=\"sidebar-link block w-full pl-8 pr-5 py-3 heading6 font-medium flex items-center gap-3 transition-all text-dark sidebar-main-link\">\n                                                            <span class=\"dot-indicator w-1.5 h-1.5 rounded-full flex-shrink-0 bg-dark transition-colors\"><\/span>\n                                                            Procedures                                                        <\/a>\n                                                    <\/li>\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                                                                    <li class=\"w-full block\">\n                                                        <a href=\"https:\/\/sgps.visibleone.dev\/mssc-in-public-policy-mpup\/application-deadline\/\" class=\"sidebar-link block w-full pl-8 pr-5 py-3 heading6 font-medium flex items-center gap-3 transition-all text-dark sidebar-main-link\">\n                                                            <span class=\"dot-indicator w-1.5 h-1.5 rounded-full flex-shrink-0 bg-dark transition-colors\"><\/span>\n                                                            Application Deadline                                                        <\/a>\n                                                    <\/li>\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                                   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block\">\n                                        <a href=\"https:\/\/sgps.visibleone.dev\/news-and-events\/?event_view=list&#038;event_cat%5B%5D=news&#038;prog%5B%5D=mssc_in_public_policy\" class=\"sidebar-link w-full px-5 py-4 flex items-center justify-between transition-colors sidebar-main-link text-dark\">\n                                            <span class=\"heading6 font-bold text-left\">News &amp; Events<\/span>\n                                        <\/a>\n                                    <\/li>\n                                                                \n                                                                    <li class=\"border-b border-gray-200 last:border-0 w-full block\">\n                                        <a href=\"https:\/\/sgps.visibleone.dev\/mssc-in-public-policy-mpup\/contact-us\/\" class=\"sidebar-link w-full px-5 py-4 flex items-center justify-between transition-colors sidebar-main-link text-dark\">\n                                            <span class=\"heading6 font-bold text-left\">Contact Us<\/span>\n                                        <\/a>\n                                    <\/li>\n                                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                    <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n\n            <div class=\"md:flex-[0_1_75%] md:max-w-[75%]\">\n                <div class=\"acf-innerblocks-container\">\n\n<div  class=\"program-tab-content section-block mb-16 scroll-mt-32\">\n\n    <h3 class=\"heading3 border-l-[6px] border-primary pl-5 mb-5 lg:mb-8\">\n        Programme Objectives    <\/h3>\n\n    <div class=\"custom-content custom-content-debating-team prose max-w-none text-dark\">\n        <h1>Programme Objectives<\/h1>\n<p>&nbsp;<br \/>\nIn a society challenged by globalization and rapid changes in social and economic development, public policy has become a highly complex and multi-dimensional field. Public policy makers as such must consider different points of view with an interdisciplinary perspective, in order to balance the diverse interests and concerns of the society and achieve an optimal policy outcome.<br \/>\n&nbsp;<br \/>\nWith the above context in mind, the MSSc Programme in Public Policy (MPUP) is designed to meet the needs of leaders and professionals who have the aspiration to make a difference in government, NGOs, and all related sectors. MPUP graduates should be able to:<br \/>\n&nbsp;<br \/>\n\u2022 Understand political institutions, processes and strategies for public policy making;<br \/>\n\u2022 Acquire both quantitative and qualitative analytic skills for public policy research;<br \/>\n\u2022 Possess a broad perspective in assessing alternatives by applying different models and theories;<br \/>\n\u2022 Develop strategies for successful formation and implementation of public policies; and<br \/>\n\u2022 Apply knowledge, ideas, and frameworks to deal with global and local policy changes effectively.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1>Programme Highlights<\/h1>\n<p>&nbsp;<br \/>\n<strong>An interdisciplinary programme:<\/strong><br \/>\n&nbsp;<br \/>\n\u2022 Taught by a distinctive team of scholars and practitioners to equip students with integrative knowledge and essential professional skills<br \/>\n\u2022 Emphasizing knowledge in policy-making and providing unique insights into major policy areas, such as social policy, economic policy, environmental policy, and urban development<br \/>\n\u2022 Offered entirely in English, aiming to attract students around the globe who have the aspiration to create positive changes in society<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n<script>\n    document.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function () {\n        const allToggles = document.querySelectorAll(\".sidebar-toggle, .sidebar-sub-toggle\");\n        const allLinks = document.querySelectorAll(\".sidebar-link\");\n        const tabContents = document.querySelectorAll(\".program-tab-content\");\n\n        function resetLinks() {\n            allLinks.forEach(l => {\n                l.classList.remove(\"active\", \"text-primary\");\n                l.classList.add(\"text-dark\");\n\n                const dot = l.querySelector(\".dot-indicator, span.rounded-full\");\n                if (dot) {\n                    dot.classList.remove(\"bg-primary\");\n                    if (l.closest('.sidebar-grand-menu')) {\n                        dot.classList.add(\"bg-transparent\", \"border\", \"border-dark\");\n                    } else {\n                        dot.classList.add(\"bg-dark\");\n                    }\n                }\n\n                if (l.parentElement.classList.contains('border-b')) {\n                    l.classList.remove(\"bg-primary\", \"text-white\");\n                }\n            });\n        }\n\n        function activateLink(linkElement) {\n            resetLinks();\n            linkElement.classList.add(\"active\");\n            linkElement.classList.remove(\"text-dark\");\n\n            const dot = linkElement.querySelector(\".dot-indicator, span.rounded-full\");\n            if (dot) {\n                dot.classList.remove(\"bg-dark\", \"bg-transparent\", \"border\", \"border-dark\");\n                dot.classList.add(\"bg-primary\");\n            }\n\n            if (linkElement.parentElement.classList.contains('border-b')) {\n                linkElement.classList.add(\"bg-primary\", \"text-white\");\n            }\n        }\n\n        function openAccordion(btn) {\n            const menu = btn.nextElementSibling;\n            if (!menu) return;\n\n            const parentUl = btn.closest('ul');\n            if (parentUl) {\n                const siblingButtons = Array.from(parentUl.children).map(li => li.querySelector('button')).filter(b => b && b !== btn);\n                siblingButtons.forEach(otherBtn => {\n                    closeAccordion(otherBtn);\n                });\n            }\n\n            btn.classList.add(\"active-parent\", \"text-white\");\n            btn.classList.remove(\"text-dark\");\n\n            const dot = btn.querySelector('.dot-indicator');\n            if (dot) { dot.classList.replace('bg-dark', 'bg-white'); 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